Study Guide for Chapter 27 – Political Experiments of the 20s   Terms and People to Know
Ch 27 Sec1 (Pages 933-941)
Warren G. Harding   Normalcy   The Communist Party    Leon Trotsky   White Russians   Red Russians   Bolsheviks 
Cheka   War Communism    "Peace, Bread, and Land"  Baltic Fleet  Kronstadt Mutiny  New Economic Policy  
Politburo   Joseph Stalin   Commisar of Nationalities   Nikolai Bukharin   Pravda  Central Committee  Third International
Comintern  Twenty-one Conditions  Alexandra Kollontai  Communism and the Family         
 
Ch 27 Sec2 (pages 941-946)
Benito Mussolini   Fascism    Fasci di Combattimento  Fiume   Avanti   Il Popolo d'Italia   Gabriele D'Annunzio 
Chamber of Deputies  Socialist Party    Catholic Popular Party   "Black Shirts"   "March on Rome"  King Victor Emmanuel III
Giacomo Matteotti  Fascist Party    Lateran Accord of 1929    
 
Ch 27 Sec3 (pages 946-951)
"Blue Horizon Chamber"  Georges Clemenceau   The Little Entente  Raymond Poincare   Ruhr Valley   Cartel des Gauches   Edouard Herriot  
Aristide Briand    Herbert Asquith   David Lloyd George  "dole"  Andrew Bonar Law   Stanley Baldwin 
King George V   Ramsay MacDonald   Indian National Congress Party    Mohandas Gandhi    Easter Rising    Sinn Fein
Ulster    Dail Eireann  Irish Republican Army   Eamon De Valera    Black and Tans   Eire   
 
Ch 27 Sec4 (pages  951-961)
Josef Pilsudski   Thomas Masaryk   Sudetenland   Bela Kun   Admiral Miklos Horthy  Count Stephen Bethlen 
General Julius Gombos  Christian Socialist  Engelbert Dollfuss  Kurt von Schuschnigg  Corfu Agreement 
Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes   King Alexander I   King Carol II   King Boris III   General John Metaxas
Weimar Republic  Reichstag  Kapp Putsch  German Mark   Ruhr Valley  Adolf Hitler    Karl Lueger    Christian Social Party
National Socialist German Worker's Party    Nazis  socialist  Twenty-five points   SA  storm troopers  Sturmabteilung 
Ernst Roehm   "brown shirts"   General Ludendorff  Munich Putsch   Mein Kampf    "living space"    Gustav Stresemann 
Hjalmar Schacht   Rentenmark      Dawes Plan  Charles Dawes    Friedrich Ebert   Field Marshall Paul von Hindenburg 
Austen Chamberlain   Aristide Briand   Rhineland   Locarno Aggreements   League of Nations   Kellogg-Briand Pact   
Treaty of  Rapallo   Young Plan  Owen D. Young  Great Depression         
 
Ideas to remember
• Discuss France's foreign policy problems after the Versailles Treaty. By what means could it best obtain security? Was the invasion of the Ruhr wise? Should France have signed the Locarno pact? Should it have made an alliance with Soviet Russia?
• Why were Britain and France "joyless victors"? What weakness did each state suffer from?
• How did the World War I change British politics? Discuss the decline and fall of the Liberal party. How successful was the general strike of 1926? By what stages did Ireland win its independence?
• What problems did the disappearance of the Hapsburg empire cause in central Europe? Why did most of the successor states fall under authoritarian rule? Why did Czechoslovakia remain democratic?
• Could the Weimar Republic have taken root in Germany, or was its failure inevitable? Between 1919 and 1929, what were the republics greatest weaknesses? strengths? To what extent did its fate depend on personalities, rather than underlying trends?
• Define fascism. How and why did the Fascists succeed in obtaining power in Italy? What tactics did they use? To whom did they appeal? To what extent does Mussolini deserve the credit for success? To what extent did success depend on the effectiveness of the opposition?
•"There were few or no differences between right-wing and left-wing dictatorships in the 1920's." Evaluate this statement with specific reference to fascism in Italy and communism in Russia. Do you agree or disagree?
•Why did Lenin institute the New Economic Policy? Was it successful? Could the Russian Revolution have succeeded without Lenin? How important was he in changing the history of the 20th century?